Kua noho ngā huānga whenua onge (REE) hei wāhanga nui o te ao hou, nā te mea he wāhanga nui rātou o ngā hua hangarau teitei pēnei i ngā waea atamai, ngā waka hiko, ngā tāhū hau, me ngā pūnaha patu. Ahakoa he iti noa te umanga whenua onge ki te whakataurite ki ētahi atu rāngai kohuke, kua tere te tipu o tōna hiranga i ngā tau kua pahure ake nei, nā te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā hangarau hou me te nekehanga o te ao ki ngā puna pūngao pumau ake.
He kaupapa nui te whanaketanga o te whenua onge mō ētahi whenua o te ao, tae atu ki a Haina, te Hononga o Amerika, me Ahitereiria. Mō ngā tau maha, ko Haina te kaiwhakarato matua o ngā REE, neke atu i te 80% o te hanga o te ao. Ehara i te mea onge ngā whenua onge, engari he uaua ki te tango me te tukatuka, ā, he mahi uaua, he mahi wero hoki te hanga me te tuku. Heoi, i te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā REE, kua piki ake te maha o ngā mahi tūhura me te whakawhanake, ā, kua kitea, kua whakawhanakehia hoki ngā puna hou o ngā whenua onge.
Ko tētahi atu ia o te umanga whenua onge ko te pikinga o te hiahia mō ngā huānga whenua onge motuhake. Ko te neodymium me te praseodymium, he wāhanga nui i roto i ngā aukume tuturu e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā rāngai ahumahi me ngā hangarau teitei, he ōrau nui o te hiahia whenua onge. Ko te europium, tētahi atu huānga whenua onge, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pouaka whakaata tae me ngā rama fluorescent. He nui hoki te hiahia mō te dysprosium, terbium, me te yttrium nā ō rātou āhuatanga ahurei, e mea nui ai i roto i te hanga hua hangarau teitei.
Ko te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ēnei konganuku onge, ko te tikanga he hiahia kia nui ake te whakaputanga, e hiahiatia ana he haumitanga nui ki te tūhura, te keri, me te tukatuka. Heoi, i te uaua o te tango me te tukatuka i ngā REE, me ngā ture taiao pakari, kei te tūtaki ngā kamupene keri ki ngā wero nui e whakaroa ana i te tukanga whanaketanga.
Ahakoa rā, kei te pai tonu ngā tūmanakohanga whanaketanga o te whenua onge, me te pikinga ake o te tono mō ngā hangarau hou, ngā waka hiko, me ngā puna pūngao hou e hanga ana i te hiahia nui mō ngā REE. He pai ngā tūmanakohanga tipu mō te wā roa o te rāngai, me te matapaetia ka eke te mākete whenua onge o te ao ki te $16.21 piriona i te tau 2026, ka tipu i te CAGR o te 8.44% i waenga i te 2021-2026.
Hei whakamutunga, he pai te ia o te whanaketanga o te whenua onge me te tirohanga whakamua. I te mea kei te piki haere te hiahia mō ngā hua hangarau teitei, me whakapiki ake te hanga o ngā REE. Heoi anō, me aro tonu ngā kamupene keri ki ngā uauatanga o te tango me te tukatuka i ngā REE, me te piri ki ngā ture taiao tino pakari. Ahakoa rā, kei te kaha tonu ngā tirohanga whakamua mō te tipu mō te wā roa mō te umanga whenua onge, ā, he whai wāhitanga whakamīharo tēnei mō ngā kaipupuri moni me ngā kaipupuri hea.
Wā tuku: Mei-05-2023
